Charles trtjesdale



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CHARLES TRUESDALE, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND WILLIAMRESOR AND COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 81,561, dated August 25,1868.

IMPROVEMENTIN GUPOLA AND BLAST-Penman TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, CHARLES TRUESDALE, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county,Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cupolas andBlast-Furnaces; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making. part of this specification My invention has for itsobject the obtaining a more eil'ect ive blast-action in cupolas andother blastfurnaces, whether employed for the reduction of ores or forthe meltingof metals.

, The blast-issues or tuy eres of cupolas and smelting-furnaces, havinghitherto been few in number, of large individual area, and at or near acommon level, have had the effect of chilling those portions of thestock exposed to their immediate action, so as to form solid projectionsor bridging, which has seriously,restricted the free passage of theblastinward and upward, and of the molten metal downward, and greatlycircumscribed -the effective yield and capacity of the furnace; 'Inorder to avoid these defects, and to obtain a more rapid and effectivefusion and delivery of the metal with a given expenditure of fuel, havedevised the improved arrangement of blast-issues which-I now procced todescribe.

Figure 1 is an axial sectionofa eupola' or melting-furnace embodying myinvention.

Figure 2 is a horizontal'section thereof at the line a an Figure 3 is asection, in their common axial plane, of one of my vertical series ofgraduated tuyeres;

Figure 4 represents the upper end of one of the staves, which composethe inner shell of my annular blast-chamber, together with the uppertuyere here shown detached.

Figure 5 is a horizontal section, through a portion of the inner shelland its accompanying tuyeres.

Figure 6 shows a modification, in which a slot, converging upward,replaces a vertical series of graduated tuyeres. I

A represents the supporting-piers,']3 the bed-plate, C the shell proper,and D the fire-brick lining of a cupola. I i p i That portion ofthelining-wall which surrounds and protects the tuycres, is carried inward,so as to make a contracted throat tothe cupola at this part, and thedischarging-ends of the tuyeres are brought flush with the lining. Bythis means the tuyercs are brought'near the centre of the cupola, andare at the same time fully protected by the lining-walh'while theenlargements R and S above and below the tuyeres'afi'ord room for thestock and melted metal respectively. 7

E is an annular blast-chamber, whose inner or convex wall is composed ofa series ofiron plates or staves, F, fastened together by bolts, P, andfiangcs,-Q, or otherwise, so as to form collectively a cylindricalcasing to the fire-brick D in which the tuyeres are embedded.

Projectingfrom the concavity of'each stave are duii's or dove-tails, f,each pair of which receives and holds one of the tuyercs G, of whicheach is furnished with dove-tails, g, to fit within the dufl's f, and ashoulder, g, to rest upon them and hold the tuy'erc to its place and yetto permit of its removal when desired. Each stave has a seriesofapertures, c,corresponding in number and position to the tuyeres. I

Each tuyere has, near its receiving-end, a contracted throat,'H, whencethe interior of the .tuyere flares slightly downward into the fire-spaceof the cupol ai This throat is least in the uppermost ticr of tuyeres,and

greatest in the lowermost tier, with a regular graduation in theintervening tuyeres between these extremes. This preferred form of mytuyeres is clearly represented in fig. 3.

Entering the annular blast-chamber are one or more customary blast-pipesI.

It will be perceived that the system of staves composing the inner wallof the annular blast-chamberE, and which afford attachment for thetuyercs, may be applied to any ordinaryvcupola, with but little changethereof, other than the necessary excavation for said chamber; and,also, that any tuyere injured by heat or accumulation of slag orclinkers may bereadily unshipped and replaced by a new one.

While preferring the form here selected for illustration, I reserve theright to vary the same; for example, instead of the separate tuyeres,each stave may have a single tuyere, K, whose ventage may consist of asingle slot, k,narrowed towards its upper end, as shown in fig. 6.

That'portion of the lining-wall enclosing the tuyeres may be flush .withthe other parts of the interior, or may incline inward or outward,instead of being vertical, while the excess of blast-area below may beaccomplished by a greater number instead of a greater area of theindividual tuyeres at that part.

The greater capacity of the lower tnyeres, in comparison with the upperones, is beneficial on the following grounds, to wit:

Near the bottom of the furnace the central upward suction or draught isless decided than in the part above, and consequently a greater force ofexternal blast becomes requisite toreaeh the central mass, while 7 thestream of descending stock and debris acquires at the lower parts a morecentral direction and greater compactness and impenetrability; and,further, it is from thi-slower part that the blast has the greatestvolume of stock and slag to pass through in making its way upward in thefurnace.

The numerous tuyeres, of small individual area, distribute theblast'uniformly over every part, without local cooling at any part.

By placing the throat or regulating-orifice of the tuyere somewhatremoved from the extreme inner or discharging-end, the said threat isprotected from the change of efi'ective area to which the ordinarytuyerc is subject, by reason of the burning off or clogging up of saidend.

I claim herein as new, and of my invention- 1. A cupola orblast-furnace, having its blast formed by a multitudinous number oftuyercs on difierent levels, and of small-individual area, and adaptedto deliver a diminished blast upward in the series, substantially asherein described, for the purposes set forth. 1

2. A cupola or blast-furnace, whose tuyeres and fire-brick lining aresupported upon an iron back or casing composed of staves or sections, F,substantially as set forth.

3. The mode of fastening the tuyeres upon the inner surface of theair-chamber by means of a dove-tail or its equivalent.

4. A tuyere, whose inner or discharging-end projects beyond the openingwhich regulates the amount of blast discharged through the same, for thepurpose set forth.

5. A tuyere, whose regulating-throat or more contracted portion isprotected by a prolongation, which inclines more or less downward to theinterior of the cupola or furnace, substantially as and for the purposestated.

6. The slotted tnyere K, so arranged as to discharge a greater volumebelow than above, for the purpose set forth.

In testimony of which invention, I hereunto set my hand.

CHARLES TRUESDALE.

Witnesses:

Gno. ELKMGHT, Jams 11. LAYMAN.

